Enable SQLITE_ENABLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS flag in SQLite build

Add compile flag to enable mathematical functions (sin, cos, log, pow, sqrt, etc.)
in SQLite queries through ProxySQL's SQLite interface.

Issue: #5261

deps/Makefile

@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ sqlite3/sqlite3/sqlite3.o:
 	cd sqlite3/sqlite3 && patch -p0 < ../from_unixtime.patch
 	cd sqlite3/sqlite3 && patch -p0 < ../sqlite3_pass_exts.patch
 	cd sqlite3/sqlite3 && patch -p0 < ../throw.patch
-	cd sqlite3/sqlite3 && ${CC} ${MYCFLAGS} -fPIC -c -o sqlite3.o sqlite3.c -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT -DSQLITE_ENABLE_JSON1 -DSQLITE_DLL=1
+	cd sqlite3/sqlite3 && ${CC} ${MYCFLAGS} -fPIC -c -o sqlite3.o sqlite3.c -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT -DSQLITE_ENABLE_JSON1 -DSQLITE_DLL=1 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS
 	cd sqlite3/sqlite3 && ${CC} -shared -o libsqlite3.so sqlite3.o
 
 sqlite3: sqlite3/sqlite3/sqlite3.o