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Improve and clarify informative pairs documentation

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Matthias 5 years ago
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docs/strategy-customization.md
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@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ Currently this is `pair`, which can be accessed using `metadata['pair']` - and w
The Metadata-dict should not be modified and does not persist information across multiple calls.
Instead, have a look at the section [Storing information](strategy-advanced.md#Storing-information)
## Additional data (informative_pairs)
## Informative Pairs
### Get data for non-tradeable pairs
@ -341,6 +341,133 @@ A full sample can be found [in the DataProvider section](#complete-data-provider
***
### Informative pairs decorator (`@informative()`)
In most common case it is possible to easily define informative pairs by using a decorator. All decorated `populate_indicators_*` methods run in isolation,
not having access to data from other informative pairs, in the end all informative dataframes are merged and passed to main `populate_indicators()` method.
When hyperopting, use of hyperoptable parameter `.value` attribute is not supported. Please use `.range` attribute. See [optimizing an indicator parameter](hyperopt.md#optimizing-an-indicator-parameter)
for more information.
??? info "Full documentation"
``` python
def informative(timeframe: str, asset: str = '',
fmt: Optional[Union[str, Callable[[KwArg(str)], str]]] = None,
ffill: bool = True) -> Callable[[PopulateIndicators], PopulateIndicators]:
"""
A decorator for populate_indicators_Nn(self, dataframe, metadata), allowing these functions to
define informative indicators.
Example usage:
@informative('1h')
def populate_indicators_1h(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
:param timeframe: Informative timeframe. Must always be equal or higher than strategy timeframe.
:param asset: Informative asset, for example BTC, BTC/USDT, ETH/BTC. Do not specify to use
current pair.
:param fmt: Column format (str) or column formatter (callable(name, asset, timeframe)). When not
specified, defaults to:
* {base}_{quote}_{column}_{timeframe} if asset is specified.
* {column}_{timeframe} if asset is not specified.
Format string supports these format variables:
* {asset} - full name of the asset, for example 'BTC/USDT'.
* {base} - base currency in lower case, for example 'eth'.
* {BASE} - same as {base}, except in upper case.
* {quote} - quote currency in lower case, for example 'usdt'.
* {QUOTE} - same as {quote}, except in upper case.
* {column} - name of dataframe column.
* {timeframe} - timeframe of informative dataframe.
:param ffill: ffill dataframe after merging informative pair.
"""
```
??? Example "Fast and easy way to define informative pairs"
Most of the time we do not need power and flexibility offered by `merge_informative_pair()`, therefore we can use a decorator to quickly define informative pairs.
``` python
from datetime import datetime
from freqtrade.persistence import Trade
from freqtrade.strategy import IStrategy, informative
class AwesomeStrategy(IStrategy):
# This method is not required.
# def informative_pairs(self): ...
# Define informative upper timeframe for each pair. Decorators can be stacked on same
# method. Available in populate_indicators as 'rsi_30m' and 'rsi_1h'.
@informative('30m')
@informative('1h')
def populate_indicators_1h(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
# Define BTC/STAKE informative pair. Available in populate_indicators and other methods as
# 'btc_rsi_1h'. Current stake currency should be specified as {stake} format variable
# instead of hardcoding actual stake currency. Available in populate_indicators and other
# methods as 'btc_usdt_rsi_1h' (when stake currency is USDT).
@informative('1h', 'BTC/{stake}')
def populate_indicators_btc_1h(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
# Define BTC/ETH informative pair. You must specify quote currency if it is different from
# stake currency. Available in populate_indicators and other methods as 'eth_btc_rsi_1h'.
@informative('1h', 'ETH/BTC')
def populate_indicators_eth_btc_1h(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
# Define BTC/STAKE informative pair. A custom formatter may be specified for formatting
# column names. A callable `fmt(**kwargs) -> str` may be specified, to implement custom
# formatting. Available in populate_indicators and other methods as 'rsi_upper'.
@informative('1h', 'BTC/{stake}', '{column}')
def populate_indicators_btc_1h_2(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi_upper'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
def populate_indicators(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
# Strategy timeframe indicators for current pair.
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
# Informative pairs are available in this method.
dataframe['rsi_less'] = dataframe['rsi'] < dataframe['rsi_1h']
return dataframe
```
!!! Note
Do not use `@informative` decorator if you need to use data of one informative pair when generating another informative pair. Instead, define informative pairs
manually as described [in the DataProvider section](#complete-data-provider-sample).
!!! Note
Use string formatting when accessing informative dataframes of other pairs. This will allow easily changing stake currency in config without having to adjust strategy code.
``` python
def populate_buy_trend(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
stake = self.config['stake_currency']
dataframe.loc[
(
(dataframe[f'btc_{stake}_rsi_1h'] < 35)
&
(dataframe['volume'] > 0)
),
['buy', 'buy_tag']] = (1, 'buy_signal_rsi')
return dataframe
```
Alternatively column renaming may be used to remove stake currency from column names: `@informative('1h', 'BTC/{stake}', fmt='{base}_{column}_{timeframe}')`.
!!! Warning "Duplicate method names"
Methods tagged with `@informative()` decorator must always have unique names! Re-using same name (for example when copy-pasting already defined informative method)
will overwrite previously defined method and not produce any errors due to limitations of Python programming language. In such cases you will find that indicators
created in earlier-defined methods are not available in the dataframe. Carefully review method names and make sure they are unique!
## Additional data (DataProvider)
The strategy provides access to the `DataProvider`. This allows you to get additional data to use in your strategy.
@ -686,131 +813,6 @@ In some situations it may be confusing to deal with stops relative to current ra
```
### *@informative()*
``` python
def informative(timeframe: str, asset: str = '',
fmt: Optional[Union[str, Callable[[KwArg(str)], str]]] = None,
ffill: bool = True) -> Callable[[PopulateIndicators], PopulateIndicators]:
"""
A decorator for populate_indicators_Nn(self, dataframe, metadata), allowing these functions to
define informative indicators.
Example usage:
@informative('1h')
def populate_indicators_1h(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
:param timeframe: Informative timeframe. Must always be equal or higher than strategy timeframe.
:param asset: Informative asset, for example BTC, BTC/USDT, ETH/BTC. Do not specify to use
current pair.
:param fmt: Column format (str) or column formatter (callable(name, asset, timeframe)). When not
specified, defaults to:
* {base}_{quote}_{column}_{timeframe} if asset is specified.
* {column}_{timeframe} if asset is not specified.
Format string supports these format variables:
* {asset} - full name of the asset, for example 'BTC/USDT'.
* {base} - base currency in lower case, for example 'eth'.
* {BASE} - same as {base}, except in upper case.
* {quote} - quote currency in lower case, for example 'usdt'.
* {QUOTE} - same as {quote}, except in upper case.
* {column} - name of dataframe column.
* {timeframe} - timeframe of informative dataframe.
:param ffill: ffill dataframe after merging informative pair.
"""
```
In most common case it is possible to easily define informative pairs by using a decorator. All decorated `populate_indicators_*` methods run in isolation,
not having access to data from other informative pairs, in the end all informative dataframes are merged and passed to main `populate_indicators()` method.
When hyperopting, use of hyperoptable parameter `.value` attribute is not supported. Please use `.range` attribute. See [optimizing an indicator parameter](hyperopt.md#optimizing-an-indicator-parameter)
for more information.
??? Example "Fast and easy way to define informative pairs"
Most of the time we do not need power and flexibility offered by `merge_informative_pair()`, therefore we can use a decorator to quickly define informative pairs.
``` python
from datetime import datetime
from freqtrade.persistence import Trade
from freqtrade.strategy import IStrategy, informative
class AwesomeStrategy(IStrategy):
# This method is not required.
# def informative_pairs(self): ...
# Define informative upper timeframe for each pair. Decorators can be stacked on same
# method. Available in populate_indicators as 'rsi_30m' and 'rsi_1h'.
@informative('30m')
@informative('1h')
def populate_indicators_1h(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
# Define BTC/STAKE informative pair. Available in populate_indicators and other methods as
# 'btc_rsi_1h'. Current stake currency should be specified as {stake} format variable
# instead of hardcoding actual stake currency. Available in populate_indicators and other
# methods as 'btc_usdt_rsi_1h' (when stake currency is USDT).
@informative('1h', 'BTC/{stake}')
def populate_indicators_btc_1h(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
# Define BTC/ETH informative pair. You must specify quote currency if it is different from
# stake currency. Available in populate_indicators and other methods as 'eth_btc_rsi_1h'.
@informative('1h', 'ETH/BTC')
def populate_indicators_eth_btc_1h(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
# Define BTC/STAKE informative pair. A custom formatter may be specified for formatting
# column names. A callable `fmt(**kwargs) -> str` may be specified, to implement custom
# formatting. Available in populate_indicators and other methods as 'rsi_upper'.
@informative('1h', 'BTC/{stake}', '{column}')
def populate_indicators_btc_1h_2(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe['rsi_upper'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
return dataframe
def populate_indicators(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
# Strategy timeframe indicators for current pair.
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
# Informative pairs are available in this method.
dataframe['rsi_less'] = dataframe['rsi'] < dataframe['rsi_1h']
return dataframe
```
!!! Note
Do not use `@informative` decorator if you need to use data of one informative pair when generating another informative pair. Instead, define informative pairs
manually as described [in the DataProvider section](#complete-data-provider-sample).
!!! Note
Use string formatting when accessing informative dataframes of other pairs. This will allow easily changing stake currency in config without having to adjust strategy code.
``` python
def populate_buy_trend(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
stake = self.config['stake_currency']
dataframe.loc[
(
(dataframe[f'btc_{stake}_rsi_1h'] < 35)
&
(dataframe['volume'] > 0)
),
['buy', 'buy_tag']] = (1, 'buy_signal_rsi')
return dataframe
```
Alternatively column renaming may be used to remove stake currency from column names: `@informative('1h', 'BTC/{stake}', fmt='{base}_{column}_{timeframe}')`.
!!! Warning "Duplicate method names"
Methods tagged with `@informative()` decorator must always have unique names! Re-using same name (for example when copy-pasting already defined informative method)
will overwrite previously defined method and not produce any errors due to limitations of Python programming language. In such cases you will find that indicators
created in earlier-defined methods are not available in the dataframe. Carefully review method names and make sure they are unique!
## Additional data (Wallets)
The strategy provides access to the `Wallets` object. This contains the current balances on the exchange.

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